[Research Contribution] Impact of environmental social governance on financial performance: A study of Southeast Asian listed companies

In recent years, ESG has increasingly appeared in corporate reports, investment decisions, and even long-term development strategies. But one question always arises: does ESG really help businesses operate more efficiently in terms of finance, or is it just a "nice commitment" to build an image? Especially in Southeast Asia, where businesses must race for growth while facing the pressure of sustainable development after COVID-19, this issue becomes even more noteworthy.